Machine



(No Model.) I 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. HUTGHISON.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 425,799. Patented Apr. 15,1890

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(No Model.). 4 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. HUTGHISON.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. N0-.-425,799. Patented Apr. 15, 1890.

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J. HUTCHISON.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No.- 425,799. Patented Apr. 15, 1890.

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Wz/fnems'es InvenZ'or- (No Model.) I 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

J. HUTGHISON. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 425,799. Patented Apr. 15, 1890.

WM W ATTORNEYS UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH HUTCI-IISON, OF GLASGOW, COUNTY OF LANARK, SCOTLAND.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 425,799, dated April 15, 1890. Application filed March 19, 1889. Serial No. 303,902. (No model.) Patented in England February 11. 1888, No. 2,100.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOSEPH HUTOHISON, residing in Glasgow, in the county of Lanark, Scotland, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, have invented Improvements in Type-Writing or Printing Machines, (for which I have obtained a British patent, No. 2,100, dated February 11, 1888,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to and comprises certain improvements applicable to type-writers such as the Remington, the Hammond, and others, which improvements are susceptible of slight modifications to make them suitable for the different classes of machines, and will make these more comprehensive and quicker in producing the work and more automatic in their action than they have been as heretofore constructed.

Stated generally, the first improvement relates to the use of certain keys and levers, with two, three, or more letters in the longitudinal direction on the point of each of the levers in place of one letter in this direction, as heretofore, and which letters are frequently repeated in writingsuch as th, is, it, 6 61 ,77 at, CC to)? 4 as, l on, (in), letters, and the, for, and day for treble letters, and in so fitting the bar and levers which these keys move to cause the rack mechanism and its pawl by certain improvements to move the paper carriage two, three, or more teeth forward in the longitudinal direction, according to the lever and number of letters brought into action at the timethat is, two teeth for two letters and three teeth for three letters, and so on, in place of one tooth for one letter only, as heretofore practiced, and still allow the singleletter keys and their levers to take the earriage forward one tooth of the rack for each single letter in the same manner as formerly.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal rear elevation, partly in section. Fig. 2 is a corresponding plan of the same, and Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional elevation corresponding to and as taken near the irregular lines 1 1 and 2 2 011 Fig. 1, all of a type-writing or printing machine of the Remington class as fitted with my improvements. Figs. 4 to 8 show detail views of the improved parts, which will hereinafter be more particularly described and referred to. Figs. 1, 2, and .3 are separate views of the devices for operating the feed-roll. Fig. 1 is a view similar to Fig. 3, but drawn to a l. rger scale, and for the sake of clearness omitting parts not essential to this present invention; and Figs. 5 and 6 are views of a modification.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents the lower base fixed frame of the machine; 1, the upper fixed frame secured to the lower base frame by the four standards 1", and which combined frame carries the mechanism of the whole machine portably in the usual manner, generally on four rubber feet 2, resting in recesses in a plain wood frame or table z, to which a light tin or cased box cover is usually attached inclosing and protecting the whole machine when not in use. The fingerlevers 2, with the alphabetical buttons 2 on their front free ends, are mounted to swivel by a groove on a rounded edge rib 3, projecting down from the lower frame 1 at the back, with light springs 3 over the back for raising the levers 2 up against a soft rest 3 in front. These levers are arranged like pianokeys, stepped downward in the front open part of the lower frame 1, and have small studs or ins 2" )ro'ectin down between them to keep them separate. Each lever 2 would be fitted with a link 4 above near the center, connected by a light adjustable screw wire rod 4, linked at top to the short horizontal arm 5 of the type-lever 5, fulcrumed to small brackets 5", screwed toa ring-frame carried on the main top frame 1', as seen in Fig. 2, so that each type-lever arm-5, with the type 6 011 it, strikes under an inking-ribbon r in the center of the ring-frame, so as to print the letters on the under periphery of the paperroller 7, which would have the paper passed under it, as indicated by the arrows and dotted lines 13, and carried on the lateral moving case 8' on and within the usual longitudinal traversing open frame 8, running by pulleys 9' and 10 on the back and front guide-bars 9 and 10, all constructed as so far described in a usual manner. A fiat band 11, passing over a segmental pulley 11, having its other end attached to the frame 8at 11",pulls the frame 8 by a coiled spring fitted and wound up within the segmental pulley 11' always in one direction, as indicated by the arrow on the frame A, OVGI the lateral reciprocating ratchet-toothed divided or spacing bar 12, carried and reciprocated on two levers 13 up through and over the back end of the top frame 1' These levers 13 are secured by adjusting pinching-screws on a longitudinal springspindle 14, oscillated in bearings under the back of the top frame 1' by two long U-shaped arm-levers 15, having the top of their front arms connected by links 16' to a cross-bar 17, fitted under the whole of the levers 2, so that any one lever by depressing this bar 17 oscillates these two levers 15 and 13, and also the spacing toothed rack 12, fixed on the upper end of the latter. This bar17 is also actuated by the two end levers 2 of the set of levers 2, connected by a front 1ongitudinal finger-barat 1 at the extreme front of the lower frame 1, clear of all the fingerbuttons 2','so that by depressing this fingerbar 1 and outer levers 2 the bar 17 may be depressed without moving any of the printing-levers 2, so as reciprocate the spacing-bar 12 and traverse the table-frame 8 8, carry ing the paper to the extent of any desired space between words or letters without printing. A spring 14' is fitted on the spindle 14 to bring the ratchet rack-bar 12 always back to its outmost normal position (shown in Figs. 3 and 6) and the transverse bar 17 up against the finger-levers 2. The traversing frame 8 also carries a small horizontal frame A, oscillating vertically on the swiveling bar a said bar 17 and levers 15 and 13 laterally to the extent of its own widththat is, so that the teeth of the ratchet-rack 12, while being moved" forward, as described, by its lever 13, clears the front edge of the spring-pawl b whileprintingthe letter, and slips onto the second retaining ratchet-pawl b, fixed on the frame B, while the spring-pawl 12 moves forward by the strength of its spring 12", which allows the frames A and 8 in the backward automatic traverse of the rack .12 to move forward to the extent of one tooth only, the spring-pawl 12 giving way to that extent before coming back against the frame .13 or a stop' b on it for the purpose.

By my improvements I make a.few of the J levers 5, as seen at 5 6* in Figs. 1 and 2, to

have a double set of two small letters at 6 on them to print in the longitudinal direction; orit might be three or more letters, as indicated in Fig. 4,instead of the single small and large alphabetical letters 6 at presentmounted on them and mounted round the greater part of the circle on the otherlevers 5, which print the alphabet in single letters. Fig. 4 shows a face and edge view of one of these levers 5 with the letters the and for on it in small case for Roman type; and, further, in

making the finger or key levers and knobs 2 and 2 at K, which move the printing-levers 5 as shown, to the righthand on the front of the key-board 1 1 in Fig. 2,marked thfl, is,,, I it, I er; 01

marked the or for, to print these parts of words or complete small words which are repeated frequently in correspondence; and I make these double or treble key-levers 2 2 to have a greater downward motion than single keys, which work the ordinary single-letterprinting levers, so that this extra motion will depress another stepped knee-armed lever L L, mounted to the one side of the lower frame 12 to two, three, or more times its own width,

as dotted in in Fig. 6, and so allow the springpawl b b to move forwardtwo, three, or more teeth, according to the number of letters on the particular printing key-lever brought into action. Fig. 5 shows a side elevation of one ,new arrangement of the pawl mechanism for.

effecting this, to a large scale, with part of the spacing toothed rack 12, and Fig. 6 a corresponding front view showing'the rack as dotted in in its three positions on its lever 13 for either giving one, two, or three steps forward,

according to the number of letters on the levers 2 2 printing for the time being, while Figs. 7 and 8 show detail views of the new spring-pawl b and spring stud-lever a a, de-' tached from the views, Figs. 5 and The said extra single or double lateral motion of the rack 12 is made to oscillate a small spring stud-lever a a,fulcrumed at a" on the upper part of the plate-frame B between this plate and the moving spring-pawl b and the back fixed pawl 12', so that the rack in beingdrawn forward acts on the lower end a of the spring stud-lever a a against the power of the light spring a to shift the stud a, carried on it within segmental slots 1)" b 11 formed in the lower part of the spring-pawl I). These segmental slots are of three difierent sizes a very little larger than thethree steps of the stemof the stud a corresponding to them,.as seen U ing printing-levers at 5 G and finger-keys at K, Fig. 2, marked with these letters the stud a would be shifted by its lever a and the rack 12 to the second segmental slot b in the pawl-lever b and allow this to shift to the extent of two teeth or divisions, and when printing the words with three letters, as the or for, then the stud a would be shifted by its levers aand rack 12 to the wide slot b of the spring-pawl lever 12 to allow this to move forward to the extent of three teeth or divisions of the rack 12, and thus in either case on the rack 12 resuming its normal position the spring-pawl lever b would be forced back to its normal position against the stud Win the plate B, and the traversing frames A and 8 'would traverse forward the paper to the extent of two or three teeth,respectively, as explained, to give the proper spacing to suit the writing of two letters or words with three or more letters at a time, as described, by these improvements by the ordinary power of the coiled spring in the segmental wheel 11, all as for the one tooth and letter only heretofore used.

In the working of this instrument the usual small single letters 6 on the levers 5 are printed bytheir respective keys 2 2' on the paper and roller 7, while the case S", carrying the journals of the paper-roller 7, is in its normal position close up toward the front of the frame 8, and kept there by the power of the usual spring S and levers S and bar S while for printing the capitals or large letters the case A is moved back by a special key and lever marked Upper Case, (seen to the left of the key-board in Fig. 2,) and an adjusting link and rod 5, (shownin Fig. 3,) which actuates the levers s and S to push back the case S on the rollers S" of the frame 8, and thus print the capitals under the center of the roller 7. In like manner either set of the first or second new double or triple small letters 6 on the levers 5*, indicated more particularly in Figs. 1 and 4, and actuated by the keys and finger-knobs indicated at K in Fig. 2, marked on the several finger-knobs er or th, an u at n or a cc or and n or for are brought into action-that is, the first double or triple letters er or the respectively of the several keys K are brought into action While the case 8 is in its normal forward position, while the second sets of double and triple letters th and for are brought into action while the upper frame 8 is removed back by its key and finger-knob marked Upper Case.

Another improvement consists in mounting a cam-bracket D, secured to the top 1 of the fixed frame of the machine in front, and in such a position that as the paper-carriage is drawn back to the starting end of the machine before commencing anew line of printing it would automatically oscillate or raise the ratchet hand-lever E E and its pawls e to turn the ratchet-wheel F of the paper barrel '7 for taking up one, two, three, or more ward-projecting limb E for acting 011 the cam D as the carriage S with the paper is pushed back to raise the lever E and turn the ratchet-wheel F and roller '7 and paper just before commencing a new line of typewriting. The lever E E in this instance and the ratchet-wheel F, which it actuates, is for these improvements preferably mounted at the left-hand end of the reciprocating frame -8, instead of at the right-hand end, where it is usually placed for being actuated by the right hand of the attendant.

To hold down the front edge of the frame 8, while the lever E is being pressed up by the cam D to turn the ratchet-wheel F, as described, a small catch-plate (Z is screwed to the under front edge and end frame 8, which, when this frame is pressed back, comes under another plate d, secured on the inner side of the front rail 10. This plate (1 is only long enough to hold down the frame 8 while the cam D is pressing up the lever E, but does not prevent the case 8' from being pushed backward on the frame 8 by the bar S and oscillated upon the swiveling bar 9 to see how the type 6 are printing on the under side of the paper when the lever Eis no longer being acted on by the cam. The cam D may be adjusted to different positions for the different extents of movement to be given to the roller 7, and may be held in adjustment by means ofits securing-screw D, Figs. 1 and 3 I push or draw the carriage 8, with its paper and roller 7, by hand back to its normal starting position, and in coming back this motion would automatically by the before-mentioned cam-bracket D and ratchet pawl-lever E E turn the paper-roller 7 one, two, three, or more spaces, according to the distance desired between the lines of printing for starting a new line.

It will be obvious that the same advance Such a construction is shown, I

The oscillating plate B B, in this modification carrying the moving pawl I) and fixed pawl b, is mounted on a frame or bar A, secured on the upper end of the same laterallymoving arms 13, to which in the construction already described the ratchet-bar 12 was setion is similar to that already explained. In,

both cases the relative movements of the pawls and rack and the varying extent of the movement are controlled by all the different keys for the different type.

I claim as my invention-- 1. In type-writing or printing machines, the combination of the ordinary single typelevers with levers each carrying two or more pawls b b, one carrying an oscillating springlever which has a stepped stud and bears against the rack and the other having a stepped slot andlrey-levers controlling the type-levers, and means whereby the'different key-levers may impart different movements to the ratchetbar and pawls relatively to each other, substantially as described.

2. In type-writing or printing machines, the herein-described combination of mechanism for printing two or more letters at 'a time from the type-levers, consisting of special keys K, types (5", and type-levers 5", in combination with a dilferential pawl b, a laterally-moving ratchet-bar 12, a lever carrying a stepped stud and acted on by the said bar and levers to move the ratchet across the pawls to different extents according to the type-levers acted upon, substantially as set forth.

3. In type-Writing or printing machines, the herein-described combinatipn of mechanism for printing two or more letters at a time from the type-levers, consisting of keylevers K, ratchet-bar 12, oscillating lever a, having a stepped stud a, fixedpawl b, and movable pawl I), having a stepped slot and levers to move the ratchet-bar across the pawl to differentextents, substantially as set forth. types, ratchet bar 12, movable and fixed 1 the herein-described combination of mechan- 4. In type-writing or printing machines,

ism for regulating the spaces between the lines of print, consisting of a cam-bracket D, 

